{"id":"cma-103255","titulo":{"en":"Xu You Rinsing his Ear at a Waterfall","es":"Xu You Rinsing his Ear at a Waterfall"},"titulo_original":"Xu You Rinsing his Ear at a Waterfall","autor":"Nishimura Shigenaga (Japanese, 1697(?)-1756)","fecha":"mid-1720s","cultura":"Japan, Edo period (1615–1868)","tecnica":"color woodblock print","fuente":"Cleveland Museum of Art","licencia":"CC0-1.0","licencia_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","credito":"Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of J. H. Wade","url_original":"https://clevelandart.org/art/1921.328","imagen_url":"https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1921.328/1921.328_web.jpg","ficha":{"en":{"titulo":"Xu You Rinsing his Ear at a Waterfall","se_ve":"The print is tall and narrow, with an aged, cream-colored paper ground. At the center, an older man sits crouched on a broad rock tinted pink and salmon, suspended above water. He is corpulent, with warm yellow skin, a mostly bald head, a few dark hairs drawn back, a thin mustache, and a small pointed beard. His torso is bare and his right hand is raised to his ear, while he leans forward with eyes half closed and mouth slightly open. His left arm reaches toward a waterfall at right, drawn with long, parallel vertical lines. He wears a loose garment in yellow, orange, and black, decorated with large circular floral motifs, and one dark sandal is visible at lower left. Below the rock, black brushstrokes form a steep cliff with small bamboo leaves. At the bottom right, the water turns into curving waves, spirals, and foam. At upper left are a delicate leafless branch with small buds and a vertical cartouche; along the left edge are columns of black calligraphy and seals. The palette is restrained — black ink, mustard yellow, faded pink, and grayish green — and the lines vary from fine hatching to broad, dry, expressive strokes.","contexto":"This color woodblock print, *Xu You Rinsing his Ear at a Waterfall*, was made in the mid-1720s by Japanese artist Nishimura Shigenaga (1697[?]–1756), during the Edo period (1615–1868), and is now in the Cleveland Museum of Art. It depicts Xu You, a legendary hermit from ancient China. According to tradition, when he was offered the throne, he rinsed his ear to cleanse it of words he considered polluting and of worldly ambition. The subject, of Chinese origin, circulated widely in Japanese art as an example of detachment from power. It is not known exactly for whom this impression was made.","como_mirarla":"First follow the extended arm toward the curtain of water, then return to the hand cupped at the ear: the whole story sits between those two gestures. Next, look at his half-closed eyes and slight smile, which turn a dramatic refusal into a quiet, almost humorous scene. Finally, notice how the soft rock and patterned robe contrast with the waterfall's straight lines and the swirls below.","dato_curioso":"Xu You is not washing off ordinary dirt: in the legend, he symbolically rinses his ear after hearing the offer of the throne, as if the proposal itself had contaminated it.","preguntas":["What does it mean to reject power by washing an ear rather than by arguing or fleeing?","How do humor and serenity coexist in this hermit's face and posture?","Why might an Edo-period Japanese audience appreciate an ancient Chinese legend about detachment?"]},"es":{"titulo":"Xu You Rinsing his Ear at a Waterfall","se_ve":"La estampa es vertical y estrecha, sobre un papel de tono crema envejecido. En el centro, un hombre mayor está sentado en cuclillas sobre una roca ancha, teñida de rosa y salmón, suspendida sobre el agua. Es corpulento, de piel amarilla cálida, cabeza casi calva, unos cuantos cabellos oscuros peinados hacia atrás, bigote fino y barba pequeña y puntiaguda. Lleva el torso desnudo y se toca la oreja con la mano derecha, mientras se inclina con los ojos entornados y la boca entreabierta. El brazo izquierdo se estira hacia una cascada, a la derecha, dibujada con líneas verticales largas y paralelas. Viste una prenda holgada amarilla, anaranjada y negra, decorada con grandes motivos florales circulares, y se le ve una sandalia oscura abajo a la izquierda. Bajo la roca, pinceladas negras forman un acantilado escarpado con pequeñas hojas de bambú. Abajo a la derecha, el agua se convierte en ondas curvas, espirales y espuma. Arriba a la izquierda hay una ramita delicada sin hojas, con pequeños brotes, y una cartela vertical; en el borde izquierdo se alinean columnas de caligrafía negra y sellos. La paleta es contenida —tinta negra, amarillo mostaza, rosa deslavado y verde grisáceo— y el trazo va de líneas finas a pinceladas anchas y secas, muy expresivas.","contexto":"Esta estampa en madera con color, *Xu You Rinsing his Ear at a Waterfall* [Xu You se enjuaga la oreja en una cascada], fue realizada a mediados de la década de 1720 por el artista japonés Nishimura Shigenaga (1697[?]–1756), en el periodo Edo (1615–1868), y hoy pertenece al Cleveland Museum of Art. Representa a Xu You, ermitaño legendario de la antigua China. Según la tradición, cuando le ofrecieron el trono se enjuagó la oreja para limpiarla de unas palabras que consideraba contaminantes y de la ambición mundana. El tema, de origen chino, circuló mucho en el arte japonés como ejemplo de desapego del poder. No se sabe para quién se imprimió esta obra en particular.","como_mirarla":"Sigue primero el brazo extendido hacia la cortina de agua y regresa después a la mano junto a la oreja: entre ambos gestos está toda la historia. Observa luego los ojos entornados y la sonrisa leve, que vuelven un rechazo rotundo una escena tranquila, casi humorística. Al final, compara la roca blanda y la ropa estampada con las líneas rectas de la cascada y los remolinos de abajo.","dato_curioso":"Xu You no se lava una suciedad común: en la leyenda se enjuaga simbólicamente la oreja después de escuchar el ofrecimiento del trono, como si la propuesta misma lo hubiera contaminado.","preguntas":["¿Qué significa rechazar el poder lavándose una oreja, en vez de discutir o huir?","¿Cómo conviven el humor y la serenidad en el rostro y la postura de este ermitaño?","¿Por qué al público japonés del periodo Edo le podía interesar una leyenda china antigua sobre el desapego?"]}},"etiquetas":{"en":["edo period","japanese print","color woodblock","xu you","hermit","waterfall","water","legend","detachment","nature","calligraphy","serene humor"],"es":["periodo edo","estampa japonesa","xilografía en color","xu you","ermitaño","cascada","agua","leyenda","desapego","naturaleza","caligrafía","humor sereno"]},"objetos":["older man / hermit","waterfall","pink rock / cliff","patterned yellow garment","sandal","bamboo leaves","leafless branch","waves and foam","calligraphy cartouches and seals"],"colores":[],"animo":[],"epoca":"mid-1720s","certeza":"alta","advertencias":[],"capa":{"voces":[{"guia":"la restauradora","en":"I focus on the aged cream paper and how the black ink lives alongside mustard yellow and washed-out pink. The wide rock tinted in salmon holds the hermit with his bare torso and warm yellow skin. I notice the brushwork: fine lines for the vertical waterfall on the right and broad dry strokes for the cliff. The yellow garment with circular floral patterns and the dark sandal at the lower left show how color has worn. The calligraphy and seals along the left edge are fragile, and that tells me how much care this mid-1720s woodblock print still needs.","es":"Me detengo en el papel crema envejecido y en cómo la tinta negra convive con el amarillo mostaza y el rosa deslavado. La roca ancha teñida de salmón sostiene al ermitaño de torso desnudo y piel amarilla cálida. Observo el trazo: líneas finas para la cascada vertical a la derecha y pinceladas anchas y secas para el acantilado. La prenda amarilla con motivos florales circulares y la sandalia oscura abajo a la izquierda muestran el desgaste del color. La caligrafía y los sellos del borde izquierdo son frágiles, y eso me habla del cuidado que necesita esta estampa en madera de mediados de 1720."},{"guia":"el astrónomo aficionado","en":"I look at this narrow vertical scene as if it were a miniature night sky. The older man crouching on the pink rock seems to suspend time, with his hand on his ear and his arm stretched toward the waterfall made of parallel lines. Below, the curved waves and foam spread like constellations of water, while above on the left the leafless twig with tiny buds is like a lonely star. The hermit Xu You, rinsing himself of ambition, reminds me of someone seeking silence to listen to the universe far from the noise of power.","es":"Miro esta escena vertical y estrecha como si fuera un cielo nocturno en miniatura. El hombre mayor en cuclillas sobre la roca rosa parece suspender su tiempo, con la mano en la oreja y el brazo estirado hacia la cascada de líneas paralelas. Abajo, las ondas curvas y la espuma se expanden como constelaciones de agua, mientras arriba a la izquierda la ramita sin hojas con brotes es como una estrella solitaria. El ermitaño Xu You, que se limpia de la ambición, me recuerda a quien busca silencio para escuchar el universo lejos del ruido del poder."},{"guia":"la niña de ocho años","en":"This little bald man is sitting on a giant pink stone floating over the water. He is touching his ear really hard! He has a thin mustache and a pointy little beard and he wears yellow clothes with big round flowers like suns. On one side a super long waterfall falls made of little lines and below the water makes lots of curls and foam. It makes me laugh because it looks like he is washing his ear because he heard something he did not like. Up above there is a twig with no leaves, like it is winter.","es":"Este señor calvito está sentado en una piedra rosada gigante que flota sobre el agua. ¡Se está tocando la oreja con mucha fuerza! Tiene bigote finito y una barbita puntiaguda y lleva una ropa amarilla con flores grandes y redondas como soles. A un lado cae una cascada larguísima hecha con rayitas y abajo el agua hace muchos chinos y espuma. Me da risa porque parece que se está lavando la oreja porque escuchó algo que no le gustó. Arriba hay una ramita sin hojas, como si fuera invierno."}],"retos":[{"pregunta":{"en":"I am on a pink rock and I touch my ear with my right hand, who am I?","es":"Estoy sobre una roca rosada y me toco la oreja con la mano derecha, ¿quién soy?"},"pista":{"en":"He is the central figure with warm yellow skin and a bare torso who rinses himself to cleanse ambition.","es":"Es el personaje central de piel amarilla cálida y torso desnudo que se enjuaga para limpiarse de la ambición."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"I fall to the right of the hermit with long parallel vertical lines, what am I?","es":"Caigo a la derecha del ermitaño con líneas verticales largas y paralelas, ¿qué soy?"},"pista":{"en":"Look to the right of the older man for the water falling straight down toward the waves and foam.","es":"Busca a la derecha del hombre mayor el agua que baja recta hacia las ondas y la espuma."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"I am yellow with large circular flowers and I dress the hermit, what garment am I?","es":"Soy amarilla con grandes flores circulares y visto al ermitaño, ¿qué prenda soy?"},"pista":{"en":"Look at the orange and black clothing with floral patterns covering his lower body.","es":"Mira la ropa anaranjada y negra con motivos florales que le cubre la parte de abajo."}}],"conexiones":["leyenda de Xu You y desapego del poder","estampa japonesa y xilografía en color del periodo Edo","agua como purificación: cascada, ondas y espuma","naturaleza y ermitaño: roca, acantilado, bambú y ramita sin hojas","caligrafía y sellos en la estampa vertical","humor sereno en la tradición china-japonesa","paleta contenida: tinta negra, amarillo mostaza y rosa deslavado"]},"salas":[],"escrita_por":"muse-wonder-1.0"}