{"id":"cma-118573","titulo":{"en":"The Woman with a Marble Sphere, from The Several Habits of English Women","es":"La mujer con esfera de mármol, de la serie Los diversos atuendos de las mujeres inglesas"},"titulo_original":"The Several Habits of English Women, from the Nobility to the Country Women as they are in these times: The Woman with a Marble Sphere","autor":"Wenceslaus Hollar (Bohemian, 1607–1677)","fecha":"1640","cultura":"Bohemia","tecnica":"etching","fuente":"Cleveland Museum of Art","licencia":"CC0-1.0","licencia_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","credito":"Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Robert Hays Gries","url_original":"https://clevelandart.org/art/1939.601","imagen_url":"https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1939.601/1939.601_web.jpg","ficha":{"en":{"titulo":"The Woman with a Marble Sphere, from The Several Habits of English Women","se_ve":"Vertical black-and-white etching showing a woman standing full-length, centered and filling almost the entire height of the sheet, her head near the top margin and her feet resting on a lightly hatched ground shadow. She wears an opulent 17th-century costume: a long, full satin skirt with pronounced folds and strong highlights, a fitted bodice with a narrow waist and puffed sleeves trimmed with lace at shoulders and cuffs. Over her shoulders lies a triangular lace collar or tippet with floral edging that appears translucent. Her wavy hair is styled back from the face, with a fluffy ornament, like a feather pom-pom, above the right temple and pendant earrings. Her oval face has a calm, outward gaze. Both hands lightly hold the skirt; from her waist hangs a small, highly polished sphere suspended by a ribbon at knee level, catching a bright reflection. The etching technique creates varied textures: dense hatching in the skirt's shadows, fine lines for lace, and a plain, lightly speckled background from aged paper. In the lower left corner, a small handwritten signature and the number 9 are visible.","contexto":"This print belongs to the series The Several Habits of English Women, from the Nobility to the Country Women as they are in these times, etched in 1640 by Bohemian artist Wenceslaus Hollar (1607–1677), who was active in England. Listed as an etching in the Prints department of the Cleveland Museum of Art, the series documents English women's fashion of the period. This impression is a Gift of Robert Hays Gries. The sphere hanging at the waist was likely a fashionable accessory or status object, typical of Baroque taste for curiosities. The sitter's name is not recorded; she represents a social type rather than an individual portrait.","como_mirarla":"Start with the face and the fluffy side ornament, then move down to the transparent lace collar to notice its fine pattern. Follow the luminous folds of the skirt and pause on the hanging sphere: its shine and central placement shift the reading from simple costume to display of status.","dato_curioso":"Wenceslaus Hollar produced nearly 2,700 etchings and is renowned for his meticulous rendering of fabrics, lace and jewelry, often working with a magnifying glass to achieve microscopic detail.","preguntas":["What does the costume tell us about the woman's social standing?","Why might a hanging sphere have been considered a fashionable accessory in 1640?","How does this engraved fashion type differ from a modern fashion photograph in pose and detail?"]},"es":{"titulo":"La mujer con esfera de mármol, de la serie Los diversos atuendos de las mujeres inglesas","se_ve":"Estampa en blanco y negro de formato vertical que muestra a una mujer de pie, centrada y de cuerpo entero, ligeramente girada hacia el espectador. Ocupa casi toda la altura del papel, con la cabeza cerca del borde superior y los pies apoyados sobre un suelo sombreado con rayado fino. Viste un traje suntuoso del siglo XVII: falda larga y amplia de satén brillante con pliegues marcados, corpiño ajustado con cintura estrecha y mangas abullonadas con encajes en hombros y puños. Sobre los hombros lleva un cuello o esclavina triangular de encaje translúcido con bordes florales. Su peinado es ondulado, recogido a los lados, con un adorno esponjoso tipo pluma o moño sobre la sien derecha y aretes colgantes. El rostro es ovalado, de mirada serena dirigida fuera de cuadro. Con ambas manos sostiene levemente la falda; de su cintura pende, atada con una cinta, una esfera pequeña y bruñida que cuelga a la altura de las rodillas, con reflejo intenso. La técnica de aguafuerte crea texturas contrastadas: sombras densas en la falda, líneas delicadas en el encaje y fondo neutro moteado por el envejecimiento del papel. En la esquina inferior izquierda se lee una firma manuscrita y el número 9.","contexto":"La obra pertenece a la serie The Several Habits of English Women, from the Nobility to the Country Women as they are in these times, realizada en 1640 por Wenceslaus Hollar (1607–1677), grabador bohemio activo en Inglaterra. Ejecutada en aguafuerte y catalogada como Print en el Cleveland Museum of Art, la serie documenta la moda femenina inglesa del periodo. El ejemplar proviene de la donación de Robert Hays Gries. La esfera que cuelga de la cintura probablemente sea un accesorio de moda o un objeto de adorno asociado al estatus, característico del gusto barroco por los objetos curiosos. No consta el nombre de la retratada; representa un tipo social más que un retrato individual.","como_mirarla":"Empieza por el rostro y el tocado lateral, luego baja hacia el collar de encaje para apreciar su transparencia. Sigue el pliegue luminoso de la falda y detente en la esfera colgante: su brillo y posición central revelan el juego entre moda y ostentación.","dato_curioso":"Wenceslaus Hollar fue uno de los grabadores más prolíficos del siglo XVII, con casi 2.700 estampas atribuidas, y es conocido por la precisión casi topográfica con la que registraba telas, encajes y joyas.","preguntas":["¿Qué comunica el vestuario sobre la posición social de la mujer retratada?","¿Por qué una esfera colgante pudo considerarse un accesorio elegante en 1640?","¿Qué diferencias notas entre este grabado y una fotografía de moda actual en cuanto a pose y detalle?"]}},"etiquetas":{"en":["etching","print","baroque fashion","17th century","womenswear","costume study","lace","social status","wenceslaus hollar","english print","cleveland collection","hanging orb","court dress"],"es":["grabado","aguafuerte","moda barroca","siglo xvii","indumentaria femenina","retrato tipológico","encaje","estatus social","wenceslaus hollar","estampa inglesa","colección cleveland","esfera colgante","traje cortesano"]},"objetos":["mujer de pie","falda larga de satén","corpiño ajustado","cuello de encaje triangular","mangas con encaje","esfera colgante en cinta","adorno de pluma en peinado","aretes colgantes","suelo sombreado"],"colores":["#E8E0D3","#1A1A1A","#8B7D6B","#C9BBA8","#4A4A4A"],"animo":["sobria","elegante","contemplativa"],"epoca":"1640, Barroco temprano","certeza":"alta","advertencias":[],"capa":{"voces":[{"guia":"la restauradora","en":"I love how Wenceslaus Hollar in 1640 uses only etching to make materials feel different in this vertical print. The long satin skirt shines through the contrast between dark folds and reserved highlights, while the triangular lace collar looks translucent thanks to extremely fine lines. The aged paper creates a mottled light background and the finely hatched shaded floor anchors the figure. That polished sphere hanging from the waist on a ribbon, with its intense highlight, shows his skill at suggesting shine and weight.","es":"Me fascina cómo Wenceslaus Hollar en 1640 logra con puro aguafuerte diferenciar materiales en esta estampa vertical. La falda larga de satén brilla por el contraste entre pliegues oscuros y luces reservadas, mientras el cuello triangular de encaje se vuelve translúcido con líneas finísimas. El papel envejecido deja un fondo moteado en tonos claros y el suelo con rayado fino ancla la figura. Esa esfera bruñida colgando de la cintura con una cinta y su reflejo intenso muestra su maestría para sugerir brillo y peso."},{"guia":"el astrónomo aficionado","en":"When I look at this woman from the series on English women's clothing, my eyes go straight to the small sphere hanging from her waist at knee height. It is smooth, polished and seems to reflect light like a tiny planet held by a ribbon. It is not an individual portrait but a social type from the 17th century, yet that curious object speaks of status and the baroque taste for the surprising. I wonder why Hollar chose to give it such visual prominence amid the satin, the lace and the shadows of the etching.","es":"Cuando miro esta mujer de la serie sobre atuendos de inglesas, mis ojos van directo a la esfera pequeña que cuelga de su cintura a la altura de las rodillas. Es lisa, bruñida y parece reflejar la luz como un pequeño planeta sujeto con cinta. No es un retrato individual sino un tipo social del siglo XVII, pero ese objeto curioso habla de estatus y del gusto barroco por lo sorprendente. Me pregunto cómo Hollar decidió darle tanto protagonismo visual en medio del satén, el encaje y la penumbra del grabado."},{"guia":"la niña de ocho años","en":"This lady takes up almost the whole sheet and looks like she is about to walk toward me. Her dress is huge and shiny, with puffy sleeves and a lace collar like a little cape with tiny flowers. She has a fluffy feather in her hair and long earrings. She holds her skirt a little with both hands. The strangest thing is the shiny little ball hanging from her waist on a ribbon, right at knee height. She stands on a floor made of tiny lines and behind her there is nothing, just old paper.","es":"Esta señora ocupa casi toda la hoja y parece que va a caminar hacia mí. Su vestido es enorme y brillante, con mangas esponjosas y un cuello de encaje como una capa con florecitas. Lleva una pluma esponjosa en el pelo y aretes largos. Con las dos manos agarra un poquito su falda. Lo más raro es la pelotita brillante que le cuelga de la cintura con una cinta, justo a la altura de las rodillas. Está parada sobre un piso rayadito y atrás no hay nada, solo el papel viejito."}],"retos":[{"pregunta":{"en":"I hang at knee height from a ribbon at the waist and shine brightly, what am I?","es":"Estoy a la altura de las rodillas, cuelgo de una cinta en la cintura y brillo mucho ¿qué soy?"},"pista":{"en":"Look for the round accessory hanging from her waist, it is not part of the dress.","es":"Mira el accesorio redondo que la mujer lleva colgando, no es parte del vestido."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"In the lower left corner there is a handwritten mark with a number, what number is it?","es":"En la esquina inferior izquierda hay una marca manuscrita con un número ¿qué número es?"},"pista":{"en":"Look at the bottom of the print, near the signature.","es":"Busca en la parte de abajo de la estampa, cerca de la firma."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"What shiny material does the woman's long and wide skirt appear to be made of?","es":"¿De qué material brillante parece estar hecha la falda larga y amplia de la mujer?"},"pista":{"en":"Notice the marked folds and the shine of the sumptuous 17th century outfit.","es":"Observa los pliegues marcados y el brillo del traje suntuoso del siglo XVII."}}],"conexiones":["moda barroca y estatus social","aguafuerte y grabado en blanco y negro","indumentaria femenina del siglo XVII","retrato tipológico vs retrato individual","el encaje como símbolo de lujo","objetos curiosos y accesorios colgantes","Wenceslaus Hollar y la documentación de costumbres inglesas"]},"salas":[],"escrita_por":"muse-spark-open-1026"}