{"id":"cma-120401","titulo":{"en":"The Wounded Brigand, by Adolphe Mouilleron","es":"El bandido herido (The Wounded Brigand), de Adolphe Mouilleron"},"titulo_original":"The Wounded Brigand","autor":"Adolphe Mouilleron (French, 1820–1881)","fecha":"1849–62","cultura":"France, 19th century","tecnica":"lithograph","fuente":"Cleveland Museum of Art","licencia":"CC0-1.0","licencia_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","credito":"Cleveland Museum of Art, Twenty-fifth anniversary gift, Mr. and Mrs. Lewis B. Williams Collection","url_original":"https://clevelandart.org/art/1941.240","imagen_url":"https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1941.240/1941.240_web.jpg","ficha":{"en":{"titulo":"The Wounded Brigand, by Adolphe Mouilleron","se_ve":"In the foreground of a barren, rocky terrain, a man with a thick beard and tousled dark hair lies face down, wearing a white shirt with rolled sleeves, dark trousers, and a short cape with a pale, woolly fleece lining. His body is stretched toward a small puddle or stream where his head rests and one hand touches the water, as if he were trying to drink or had collapsed while crawling. Around his waist one can see a sash, a pistol and what appears to be a pouch or flask. His wide-brimmed hat has fallen to one side, in the lower left corner, among sparse tufts of grass. The light is dramatic and twilight-like, with stark black and white contrasts typical of lithography: folds of clothing, the rough texture of fur, rocks and scrub are rendered with fine hatching and dense shading. In the background a vast, desolate plain opens up, with low hills and a cloudy sky that suggests dusk or dawn. The scale emphasizes the solitude of the single body against the immense emptiness of the landscape. Small details such as the grasses in the immediate foreground, the murky reflection in the water and the outstretched hand reinforce a sense of exhaustion and agony.","contexto":"This work is a lithograph titled The Wounded Brigand, made between 1849 and 1862 by Adolphe Mouilleron (French, 1820–1881), according to data from the Cleveland Museum of Art, where it is held as part of the Mr. and Mrs. Lewis B. Williams Collection. It belongs to 19th-century French culture and is classified as a print. The inscription at the bottom reads I. Bellermann pinx. and Imp. Bertauts and Mouilleron lith., which indicates that Mouilleron made the lithograph after a painted composition by another artist, probably within the Romantic tradition of dramatic and picturesque scenes. No further description is provided by the source, so the precise narrative behind the wounded brigand is not known, although the figure of the outlaw in a rugged landscape was a common motif in the 19th-century imagination.","como_mirarla":"Start with the prone body and the hand touching the water, then follow the texture of the fleece cape and the fallen hat. See how the light darkens the background and isolates the figure in the foreground. Notice the contrast between human vulnerability and the vast, indifferent expanse of the landscape.","dato_curioso":"Lithography, a printing technique using limestone, allowed dramatic images to be reproduced cheaply and widely in the 19th century, making scenes like this one popular with a broad public who could not access original paintings.","preguntas":["What emotion does the body's posture and its closeness to the water convey to you?","How does the story change if you see the character as a victim or as a criminal?","What role does the empty landscape play in the feeling of solitude or doom?"]},"es":{"titulo":"El bandido herido (The Wounded Brigand), de Adolphe Mouilleron","se_ve":"En primer plano, sobre un terreno árido y pedregoso, yace boca abajo un hombre de barba espesa y cabello oscuro y revuelto, vestido con camisa blanca de mangas arremangadas, pantalón oscuro y una capa corta de piel clara con lana espesa en el borde. Su cuerpo está extendido hacia un pequeño charco o riachuelo donde apoya la cabeza y una mano, como si intentara beber o se hubiera desplomado al arrastrarse. Junto a su cintura se distingue una faja, una pistola y lo que parece ser un morral o cantimplora. Su sombrero de ala ancha ha caído a un lado, en la esquina inferior izquierda, sobre hierbas ralas. La luz es dramática y crepuscular, con fuertes contrastes de blanco y negro propios de la litografía: los pliegues de la ropa, la textura áspera de la piel, las rocas y los matorrales se definen con trazos finos y sombreados densos. Al fondo se abre una llanura vasta y desolada, con colinas bajas y un cielo nublado que sugiere atardecer o amanecer. La escala enfatiza la soledad del cuerpo frente a la inmensidad vacía del paisaje. Pequeños detalles como las hierbas en primer plano, el reflejo turbio en el agua y la mano extendida hacia adelante refuerzan la sensación de agotamiento y agonía.","contexto":"La obra es una litografía titulada The Wounded Brigand, realizada entre 1849 y 1862 por Adolphe Mouilleron (francés, 1820–1881), según los datos del Cleveland Museum of Art, donde se conserva como parte de la colección Mr. and Mrs. Lewis B. Williams. Pertenece a la cultura francesa del siglo XIX y está clasificada como estampa. La inscripción en la parte inferior indica I. Bellermann pinx. e Imp. Bertauts y Mouilleron lith., lo que sugiere que Mouilleron litografió una composición pintada por otro artista, probablemente dentro de la tradición romántica de escenas dramáticas y pintorescas. No se cuenta con descripción adicional de la fuente, por lo que el contexto narrativo exacto del bandido herido no consta, aunque el tema del forajido en paisaje agreste era común en el imaginario del siglo XIX.","como_mirarla":"Empieza por el cuerpo tendido y su mano que toca el agua, luego recorre la textura de la capa de piel y el sombrero caído. Observa cómo la luz oscurece el fondo y aísla la figura en el primer plano. Nota el contraste entre la fragilidad humana y la extensión vacía e indiferente del paisaje.","dato_curioso":"La litografía, técnica que usa una piedra caliza para imprimir, permitía en el siglo XIX difundir imágenes dramáticas a gran escala y bajo costo, haciendo populares escenas como esta entre un público amplio sin acceso a pinturas originales.","preguntas":["¿Qué emoción te transmite la postura del cuerpo y su cercanía al agua?","¿Cómo cambia la historia si ves al personaje como víctima o como criminal?","¿Qué papel juega el paisaje vacío en la sensación de soledad o condena?"]}},"etiquetas":{"en":["lithograph","19th century","romanticism","brigand","desolate landscape","death","agony","black and white","french print","solitude","dramatic","rugged nature"],"es":["litografía","siglo xix","romanticismo","bandido","paisaje desolado","muerte","agonía","blanco y negro","estampa francesa","soledad","dramatismo","naturaleza agreste"]},"objetos":["hombre herido","sombrero","capa de piel","charco","rocas","matorrales","pistola","llanura"],"colores":["#0a0a0a","#3a3a3a","#7a7a7a","#c2c2c2","#eaeaea"],"animo":["melancólico","sombrío","desolado"],"epoca":"1850s (siglo XIX, Francia)","certeza":"media","advertencias":["posible representación de muerte y agonía"],"capa":{"voces":[{"guia":"la restauradora","en":"As a conservator I focus on how this black and white lithograph builds everything only with gray tones, from deep black to paper white, and on the fine lines and dense shading that give texture to the light cape with its woolly trim, to the wrinkled white shirt and to the rocks on the stony ground, I am struck by the dramatic twilight contrast that models the folds of clothing and leaves the background of vast plain and cloudy sky almost empty, where you can see Mouilleron's craft as a lithographer working after another painter between 1849 and 1862.","es":"Como restauradora me fijo en cómo esta litografía en blanco y negro logra todo solo con tonos de gris, del negro profundo al blanco del papel, y en el trabajo de trazos finos y sombreados densos que dan textura a la capa clara con borde lanudo, a la camisa blanca arrugada y a las rocas del suelo pedregoso, me interesa el contraste dramático de la luz crepuscular que modela los pliegues de la ropa y deja el fondo de llanura vasta y cielo nublado casi vacío, pues ahí se ve el oficio de Mouilleron litografiando a partir de otro pintor entre 1849 y 1862."},{"guia":"el astrónomo aficionado","en":"As an amateur astronomer I look first at the sky and the light, that twilight moment when you cannot tell if it is dawn or dusk, with low clouds and a desolate plain stretching toward distant low hills, and I think about how tiny the man lying face down by the puddle looks against the open immensity, his fallen hat in the corner and his hand reaching toward the water show exhaustion and solitude under a huge sky, a 19th-century Romantic scene that uses the rugged landscape to make us feel small before nature.","es":"Como astrónomo aficionado miro primero el cielo y la luz, ese momento crepuscular que no sabes si es amanecer o atardecer, con nubes bajas y una llanura desolada que se pierde en colinas lejanas, y pienso en lo pequeño que se ve el hombre tendido boca abajo junto al charco frente a la inmensidad abierta, su sombrero caído en la esquina y su mano extendida hacia el agua muestran agotamiento y soledad bajo un cielo enorme, una escena romántica del siglo XIX que usa el paisaje agreste para hacernos sentir diminutos ante la naturaleza."},{"guia":"la niña de ocho años","en":"I see a man with a beard and messy hair lying on the rocky ground, wearing his white shirt and his fuzzy light-colored cape, who crawled to a little puddle to drink water and could not go on, his hat fell off to one side and he has his pistol at his waist, it makes me sad because he is all alone in a very big and empty place with little grasses and rocks, everything looks black, white and gray like an old photo, and his outstretched hand looks like he is asking for help while the sky looks cloudy and dark.","es":"Yo veo a un señor con barba y pelo revuelto tirado en el suelo de piedras, con su camisa blanca y su capa de pelito claro, que se arrastró hasta un charquito para tomar agua y ya no pudo más, su sombrero se le cayó a un lado y tiene su pistola en la cintura, me da tristeza porque está solito en un lugar muy grande y vacío con pastitos y rocas, todo se ve en blanco, negro y gris como una foto vieja, y su mano estirada parece que pide ayuda mientras el cielo se ve nublado y oscuro."}],"retos":[{"pregunta":{"en":"What color is the shirt of the man lying by the puddle?","es":"¿De qué color es la camisa del hombre tendido junto al charco?"},"pista":{"en":"Look at the clothing of the body face down in the foreground, it contrasts strongly with the dark trousers.","es":"Mira la ropa del cuerpo boca abajo en primer plano, contrasta mucho con el pantalón oscuro."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"What personal object of the brigand fell to the ground and is seen in the lower left corner?","es":"¿Qué objeto personal del bandido cayó al suelo y se ve en la esquina inferior izquierda?"},"pista":{"en":"Search at the bottom left, on the sparse grass, for a wide-brimmed object separated from the body.","es":"Busca en la parte de abajo a la izquierda, sobre las hierbas ralas, un objeto de ala ancha separado del cuerpo."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"What weapon can be seen by the wounded man's waist?","es":"¿Qué arma se distingue junto a la cintura del hombre herido?"},"pista":{"en":"Look near the sash and pouch, close to the torso stretched over the rocks.","es":"Observa la zona de la faja y el morral, cerca del torso extendido sobre las rocas."}}],"conexiones":["litografía en blanco y negro","romanticismo del siglo XIX","paisaje desolado y soledad","agonía y dramatismo","figura del bandido o forajido","luz crepuscular","textura y sombreado"]},"salas":["charcos-para-saltar"],"escrita_por":"muse-spark-open-1026"}