{"id":"cma-121791","titulo":{"en":"Embroidered Apron, England, 18th Century","es":"Delantal bordado, Inglaterra, siglo XVIII"},"titulo_original":"Apron","autor":"Unknown maker / Autor desconocido","fecha":"1700s","cultura":"England, 18th century","tecnica":"embroidery, silk and gold thread","fuente":"Cleveland Museum of Art","licencia":"CC0-1.0","licencia_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","credito":"Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund","url_original":"https://clevelandart.org/art/1942.164","imagen_url":"https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1942.164/1942.164_web.jpg","ficha":{"en":{"titulo":"Embroidered Apron, England, 18th Century","se_ve":"A rectangular textile of fine silk in pale ivory with a soft pearly sheen, laid flat horizontally against a neutral background and filling almost the entire frame. The fabric is lightly wrinkled with gentle creases and faint age yellowing at the center. The top edge shows a gathered waistband with two small notches where ties once were, now missing. Embroidery runs continuously along three sides —the bottom and both vertical edges— forming a winding vine scroll with small flowers and leaves in dusty pink, sage green, muted blue-grey and touches of gold or dark brown metallic thread. At the two lower corners the pattern thickens into larger bouquets with prominent blossoms in pink petals and yellowish centers, accompanied by feathery elongated leaves. Near the top, symmetrically placed on each side of the empty middle, are two vertical cartouche-like oval garlands formed by intertwined floral sprigs, hanging blossoms and tiny five-pointed star flowers. The central field remains plain, showing vertical folding lines and subtle staining. Even lighting highlights the sheer delicacy of the silk ground and the slightly raised texture of the silk and metal-thread embroidery.","contexto":"According to Cleveland Museum of Art records, this is an apron dated to the 1700s, attributed to England in the 18th century, maker unknown, executed in silk and gold thread embroidery and housed in the Textiles department. In that era, fine muslin or silk embroidered aprons were an essential part of a fashionable woman’s wardrobe in England and Europe, worn as an ornamental layer over silk gowns and as a marker of status and domestic skill. The floral vine border with corner bouquets and paired garlands reflects Rococo and early Neoclassical taste. No information is available about its original owner or specific circumstances of use.","como_mirarla":"Follow the U-shaped embroidered border first and pause at the lower corners where the stitching is densest and most luminous. Then compare the two symmetrical upper garlands; their empty centers show they were designed to frame the torso when worn. Look closely at the shimmering, slightly uneven silk stitches against the almost translucent ground.","dato_curioso":"Although displayed today as a flat decorative panel, this type of apron was worn over a wide pannier gown, so the plain center would be stretched taut while the embroidered edges moved gracefully over the skirt.","preguntas":["How does your reading of the piece change when you imagine it worn and in motion over a full gown?","What does the contrast between a plain center and richly embroidered edges suggest to you?","What hidden stories of women’s labor might an everyday object like an apron reveal?"]},"es":{"titulo":"Delantal bordado, Inglaterra, siglo XVIII","se_ve":"Pieza textil rectangular de seda fina color marfil claro, ligeramente arrugada y con brillo nacarado, extendida en horizontal sobre fondo neutro. Ocupa casi todo el encuadre. El borde superior muestra una jareta plisada con dos pequeñas muescas donde irían las cintas de sujeción, hoy ausentes. La decoración bordada recorre tres lados —inferior y laterales— formando una guarda continua de zarcillos sinuosos, flores y hojas en tonos rosa empolvado, verde salvia, azul grisáceo y toques de hilo dorado o marrón oscuro. En las dos esquinas inferiores los motivos se densifican en ramilletes más grandes con flores de pétalos rosados y centro amarillento, con hojas alargadas y plumosas. En la parte superior, a ambos lados del centro vacío, hay dos cartelas verticales simétricas en forma de óvalo alargado entrelazado, enmarcadas por guirnaldas de flores menudas colgantes y estrellitas de cinco puntas. El centro de la tela queda liso, con leves manchas amarillentas por el tiempo y pliegues verticales de uso. La luz es pareja y resalta la textura delicada de la seda y el relieve sutil del bordado en seda e hilo metálico.","contexto":"Según los datos del Cleveland Museum of Art, se trata de un delantal fechado en el siglo XVIII y atribuido a Inglaterra, de autor desconocido, realizado con bordado en seda e hilo dorado. Pertenece a la categoría de textiles. En ese periodo los delantales de muselina o seda bordada eran parte esencial del guardarropa femenino en Inglaterra y Europa, usados tanto como adorno sobre vestidos de seda como señal de estatus y habilidad doméstica. La decoración floral con guirnaldas y ramilletes es característica del gusto rococó y neoclásico temprano. No se dispone de información sobre su propietaria original ni su contexto exacto de uso.","como_mirarla":"Recorre primero el marco bordado en forma de U y detente en las esquinas inferiores, donde el bordado es más denso y luminoso. Luego compara las dos cartelas simétricas superiores; su vacío central revela que estaban pensadas para enmarcar el torso al vestirse. Observa de cerca el trazo tembloroso y brillante de los hilos de seda, que contrasta con la transparencia casi etérea de la base.","dato_curioso":"Aunque hoy lo vemos como una pieza decorativa plana, este tipo de delantal se usaba superpuesto a un vestido con tontillo, por lo que la zona central lisa quedaba tensada y los bordes bordados caían con movimiento sobre la falda.","preguntas":["¿Cómo cambia tu percepción de la pieza al imaginarla llevada sobre un vestido amplio y en movimiento?","¿Qué te sugiere el hecho de que el centro quede vacío mientras los bordes están ricamente bordados?","¿Qué historias de trabajo femenino invisible puede contar un objeto cotidiano como un delantal?"]}},"etiquetas":{"en":["apron","embroidery","silk","gold thread","18th century","england","rococo","womens fashion","textile","floral motif","garland","decorative arts","costume"],"es":["delantal","bordado","seda","hilo dorado","siglo xviii","inglaterra","rococó","moda femenina","textil","motivo floral","guirnalda","artes decorativas","indumentaria"]},"objetos":["delantal","seda","bordado floral","guirnalda","ramillete"],"colores":["#E9E0D1","#A8C3B9","#B5697A","#5D6E5A","#C2A878"],"animo":["delicado","sereno","nostálgico"],"epoca":"1700s, siglo XVIII","certeza":"alta","advertencias":[],"capa":{"voces":[{"guia":"la restauradora","en":"I look at this ivory silk with its pearly sheen still alive despite the folds and the faint yellowish stains of time. I focus on the embroidered border on three sides with winding tendrils and dense bouquets in the lower corners, in dusty pink, sage green and greyish blue with touches of golden thread. The pleated waistband at the top with its two small notches speaks to me of daily wear and textile fragility. Each stitch in silk and metallic thread calls for even light and delicate conservation.","es":"Observo esta seda marfil con su brillo nacarado aún vivo a pesar de los pliegues y las leves manchas amarillentas del tiempo. Me detengo en la guarda bordada de tres lados con zarcillos sinuosos y ramilletes densos en las esquinas inferiores, en rosa empolvado, verde salvia y azul grisáceo con toques de hilo dorado. La jareta plisada superior con sus dos muescas me habla del uso cotidiano y de la fragilidad del textil. Cada puntada en seda e hilo metálico pide luz pareja y conservación delicada."},{"guia":"el astrónomo aficionado","en":"I see this ivory rectangle as a pale sky where embroidery traces floral constellations. The two symmetrical oval cartouches at the top remind me of intertwined orbits, and the tiny five-pointed stars hanging from garlands look like asterisms stitched in silk and golden thread. The bouquets in the lower corners are like dense clusters in pink with yellowish centers. The whole piece, empty in the middle, makes me think of the negative space of the universe waiting to be filled with stories.","es":"Veo este rectángulo marfil como un cielo pálido donde el bordado traza constelaciones florales. Las dos cartelas ovaladas y simétricas arriba me recuerdan órbitas entrelazadas, y las estrellitas de cinco puntas colgando de guirnaldas parecen asterismos bordados en seda e hilo dorado. Los ramilletes de las esquinas inferiores son como cúmulos densos de color rosa con centros amarillentos. Todo el conjunto, vacío en el centro, me hace pensar en el espacio negativo del universo esperando ser habitado por historias."},{"guia":"la niña de ocho años","en":"This apron looks like a magic tablecloth for a princess who does not want to stain her dress. It is smooth in the middle, like a place to put your hands, and all around it has vines climbing with little pink flowers and green leaves. At the bottom there are two big fluffy bouquets that look like strawberry ice cream. At the top there are two flower swings with little stars. I like that it shines like a pearl and that its ribbons are missing, as if it was played with a lot.","es":"Este delantal parece un mantel mágico para una princesa que no quiere mancharse el vestido. Está liso en medio, como para poner las manos, y todo alrededor tiene enredaderas que suben con florecitas rosas y hojitas verdes. Abajo hay dos ramos grandes y esponjosos que parecen helados de fresa. Arriba hay dos columpios de flores con estrellitas. Me gusta que brille como una perla y que le falten sus listones, como si hubiera jugado mucho con él."}],"retos":[{"pregunta":{"en":"How many sides of the apron have a continuous embroidered border with tendrils and flowers?","es":"¿Cuántos lados del delantal tienen bordado continuo formando la guarda con zarcillos y flores?"},"pista":{"en":"Look at the bottom edge and the two side edges, the upper center is plain with the pleated waistband.","es":"Mira el borde inferior y los dos laterales, el centro superior está liso con la jareta plisada."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"What shape are the two symmetrical cartouches hanging near the upper center of the apron?","es":"¿Qué forma tienen las dos cartelas simétricas que cuelgan cerca del centro superior del delantal?"},"pista":{"en":"Look at the top on both sides of the plain central space, they are vertical shapes framed by garlands with little stars.","es":"Busca arriba a ambos lados del espacio liso central, son figuras verticales enmarcadas por guirnaldas con estrellitas."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"What shiny material is the plain background of the apron made of, filling almost the whole frame?","es":"¿De qué material brillante está hecho el fondo liso del delantal que ocupa casi todo el encuadre?"},"pista":{"en":"It is a fine pearly fabric with slight wrinkles and yellowish stains from age.","es":"Es una tela fina y nacarada con leves arrugas y manchas amarillentas por el tiempo."}}],"conexiones":["moda femenina del siglo XVIII","bordado en seda e hilo dorado","estética rococó y guirnaldas florales","textiles e indumentaria histórica","símbolos de estatus y habilidad doméstica","conservación de seda y textiles delicados","motivos botánicos en artes decorativas","luz y color en materiales nacarados"]},"salas":[],"escrita_por":"muse-spark-open-1026"}