{"id":"cma-132820","titulo":{"en":"God Shiva in His Ferocious Form as Mahakala Dancing","es":"Shiva como Mahakala danzando, el aspecto feroz del dios"},"titulo_original":"God Shiva in His Ferocious Aspect as Mahakala Dancing","autor":"Unknown maker / Autor desconocido","fecha":"c. 1700–1710","cultura":"Northwestern India, Rajasthan, Rajput Kingdom of Mewar","tecnica":"Gum tempera and ink on paper","fuente":"Cleveland Museum of Art","licencia":"CC0-1.0","licencia_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","credito":"Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of George P. Bickford","url_original":"https://clevelandart.org/art/1955.296","imagen_url":"https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1955.296/1955.296_web.jpg","ficha":{"en":{"titulo":"God Shiva in His Ferocious Form as Mahakala Dancing","se_ve":"At the center, a pale, skeletal figure dances with arms outstretched; his ashen body reveals ribs and joints, barely covered by a vivid yellow loincloth that falls between his legs. His head tilts, eyes dark and mouth slightly open, crowned by an enormous mane of tangled, ray-like hair in light beige that spreads across a mottled olive-green background with aged texture. Around his neck and across his torso hangs a long garland of severed human heads, each with distinct hairstyle and beard, painted with careful detail. His feet hover over uneven ground speckled with ochre and blue washes suggesting earth. He is surrounded by a small retinue: on the left, two bare-chested men in ochre loincloths, an elephant-headed Ganesha in reddish tones, and two smaller standing figures with hands joined in reverence; on the right, a drummer carrying a long red drum, a nearly nude child, and a greyish creature with a bull-like horned head. In the foreground, two small animals, a beige jackal-like dog and a white goat lying down. The work is gum tempera and ink on paper, with black outlines, flat colors, and visible wear along edges and pigment, plus handwritten inscriptions at top and bottom.","contexto":"The record identifies this as Shiva in his ferocious aspect Mahakala dancing, made around 1700–1710 in northwestern India, Rajasthan, Rajput Kingdom of Mewar, in gum tempera and ink on paper. It is part of the Indian and Southeast Asian Art collection at the Cleveland Museum of Art. The artist is unknown, as is common for Rajput court painting. Mahakala is a wrathful, protective manifestation of Shiva linked to time, destruction and transcendence of death, often shown in cremation grounds with his host of ganas and spirits. The Mewar style is known for flat backgrounds, intense color and expressive figures. No further source information about patron or specific ritual use is given.","como_mirarla":"Start with the central figure and his radiating hair that structures the whole composition. Then follow the garland of heads one by one and notice how each face is different. End with the small musicians and animals below, which turn a terrifying scene into an accompanied, almost festive dance.","dato_curioso":"In Hindu iconography, the garland of severed heads and the ash-covered body refer to Shiva-Mahakala dwelling and dancing in cremation grounds, where the ash is that of the dead, a symbol of impermanence.","preguntas":["How does your reading of the dance change when you notice the attendants seem to celebrate rather than flee?","What do you feel in the contrast between the pale skeletal body and the intense touches of yellow and red?","How does the flat green background emphasize the supernatural character of the scene?"]},"es":{"titulo":"Shiva como Mahakala danzando, el aspecto feroz del dios","se_ve":"En el centro, una figura esquelética y pálida danza con los brazos extendidos; su cuerpo ceniciento deja ver costillas y articulaciones marcadas, cubierto apenas con un taparrabo amarillo intenso que cae entre las piernas. Su cabeza está inclinada, con ojos oscuros y boca entreabierta, coronada por una melena larguísima, enredada y radiante, de tonos beige claro que se expande como rayos sobre un fondo verde oliva moteado y envejecido. Alrededor del cuello y cruzando el torso lleva un largo collar de cabezas humanas cortadas, cada una con peinado y barba distintos, pintadas con detalle. A sus pies, el suelo es irregular, con manchas ocres y azules que sugieren terreno. Le rodea un cortejo pequeño de acompañantes: a la izquierda, dos hombres de torso desnudo con taparrabos ocres, un Ganesha de cabeza de elefante rojiza, y dos figuras menores de pie con las manos juntas; a la derecha, un músico con tambor rojo alargado, un niño semidesnudo y una criatura con cabeza de toro o búfalo, de piel grisácea. En primer plano, dos animales pequeños, un perro o chacal beige y una cabra blanca echada. La factura es de témpera sobre papel, con contornos en tinta negra, colores planos y desgaste visible en bordes y pigmento, inscripción manuscrita en la parte superior e inferior.","contexto":"La ficha identifica la obra como Shiva en su forma feroz Mahakala danzando, realizada hacia 1700-1710 en el noroeste de India, Rajastán, reino Rajput de Mewar, en técnica de témpera de goma y tinta sobre papel. Pertenece al departamento de Arte Indio y del Sudeste Asiático del Cleveland Museum of Art. No se conoce el autor, como es común en la pintura cortesana Rajput. Mahakala es una manifestación iracunda y protectora de Shiva asociada al tiempo, la destrucción y la trascendencia de la muerte, a menudo representada en crematorios junto a su séquito de ganas y espíritus. El estilo de Mewar se reconoce por fondos planos, colorido intenso y figuras expresivas. No consta información adicional en la descripción de la fuente sobre comitente o uso ritual específico.","como_mirarla":"Empieza por la figura central y su melena expandida que organiza toda la composición. Luego sigue el collar de cabezas una por una y nota cómo cada rostro es distinto. Termina en los músicos y animales pequeños abajo, que transforman la escena terrible en una danza acompañada y casi festiva.","dato_curioso":"En la iconografía hindú, el collar de cabezas cortadas y el cuerpo cubierto de ceniza aluden a que Shiva-Mahakala habita y danza en los campos de cremación, y la ceniza es la de los difuntos, símbolo de impermanencia.","preguntas":["¿Cómo cambia tu lectura de la danza al notar que los acompañantes parecen celebrar y no huir?","¿Qué te hace sentir el contraste entre el cuerpo pálido y esquelético y los toques de amarillo y rojo intenso?","¿De qué manera el fondo verde plano resalta el carácter sobrenatural de la escena?"]}},"etiquetas":{"en":["rajput painting","mewar","gum tempera on paper","shiva mahakala","hindu iconography","sacred dance","court art","18th century","cremation ground","divine retinue","ganas"],"es":["pintura rajput","mewar","témpera sobre papel","shiva mahakala","iconografía hindú","danza sagrada","arte cortesano","siglo xviii","crematorio","séquito divino","ganas"]},"objetos":["figura esquelética danzante","collar de cabezas cortadas","taparrabo amarillo","melena radiante","fondo verde","tambor rojo","figura con cabeza de elefante","figura con cabeza de toro","perro / chacal","cabra blanca"],"colores":["#7A9A3A","#EBCB2F","#E8E6D9","#B5452B","#C17A3C","#2B2B2B"],"animo":["intenso","sobrenatural","inquietante"],"epoca":"c. 1700–1710","certeza":"alta","advertencias":["representación de cabezas cortadas","desnudez parcial","temática de muerte"],"capa":{"voces":[{"guia":"la restauradora","en":"I pause to look at how the pigment has aged on the paper, with worn edges and ochre and blue stains that show the passage of time. It is gum tempera and ink on paper, with firm black outlines and flat colors very typical of Mewar around 1700-1710. Notice the intense yellow loincloth, the ashen body with marked ribs and the mottled olive green background. The necklace of severed heads is painted with fine detail, each face different. For me the work speaks of material fragility and of care.","es":"Me detengo en cómo el pigmento ha envejecido sobre el papel, con desgaste en bordes y manchas ocres y azules que dejan ver el paso del tiempo. Es témpera de goma y tinta sobre papel, con contornos negros firmes y colores planos muy característicos de Mewar hacia 1700-1710. Observa el taparrabo amarillo intenso, el cuerpo ceniciento de costillas marcadas y el fondo verde oliva moteado. El collar de cabezas cortadas está pintado con detalle fino, cada rostro distinto. Para mí la obra habla de fragilidad material y de cuidado."},{"guia":"el astrónomo aficionado","en":"What draws me in is that very long mane in light beige tones that spreads like rays around the head of the skeletal dancer. It looks like an explosion, a pale sun cut out against the olive green background. The figure dances in the center with arms outstretched, as if measuring time itself, which is exactly what Mahakala means. Around it the small retinue with the red drum and the animals seems to orbit. It makes me think of cycles, of destruction and renewal, like stars being born and dying.","es":"Lo que me atrapa es esa melena larguísima de tonos beige claro que se expande como rayos alrededor de la cabeza del danzante esquelético. Parece una explosión, un sol pálido recortado contra el fondo verde oliva. La figura danza en el centro con brazos extendidos, como si midiera el tiempo mismo, que es justo lo que significa Mahakala. A su alrededor el cortejo pequeño con tambor rojo y animales parece orbitar. Me hace pensar en ciclos, en destrucción y renovación, como estrellas que nacen y mueren."},{"guia":"la niña de ocho años","en":"He looks like a skeleton dancing with very bright yellow shorts and a necklace of heads that is a little scary but also makes you curious. He has super long messy hair like electricity. Around him there are many tiny companions, one with a reddish elephant head and another with a gray bull head, and a man playing a red drum. Down below there is a beige little dog and a white goat lying down. I like searching for all the hidden little animals.","es":"Parece un esqueleto que está bailando con un calzón amarillo muy brillante y un collar de cabezas que da un poco de miedo pero también curiosidad. Tiene el pelo larguísimo y todo despeinado como si fuera electricidad. Alrededor hay muchos acompañantes chiquitos, uno con cabeza de elefante rojiza y otro con cabeza de toro gris, y un señor tocando un tambor rojo. Abajo hay un perrito beige y una cabrita blanca echada. Me gusta buscar todos los animalitos escondidos."}],"retos":[{"pregunta":{"en":"What intense color is the loincloth worn by the skeletal dancing figure in the center?","es":"¿De qué color intenso es el taparrabo que lleva la figura esquelética danzante en el centro?"},"pista":{"en":"Look at the only garment covering the ashen body, between the legs.","es":"Mira la única prenda que cubre su cuerpo ceniciento, entre las piernas."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"What long red instrument is played by one of the companions on the right side of the scene?","es":"¿Qué instrumento rojo y alargado toca uno de los acompañantes a la derecha de la escena?"},"pista":{"en":"Look to the right, next to the half naked child and the figure with a bull head.","es":"Busca a la derecha, junto al niño semidesnudo y la figura con cabeza de toro."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"Which two small animals appear in the foreground, at the feet of the dancer?","es":"¿Qué dos animalitos aparecen en primer plano, a los pies del danzante?"},"pista":{"en":"Look at the uneven ground with ochre and blue stains, right below the dance.","es":"Mira el suelo irregular con manchas ocres y azules, justo debajo de la danza."}}],"conexiones":["danza sagrada y tiempo","iconografía de Shiva Mahakala","pintura cortesana Rajput de Mewar","témpera sobre papel y color plano","séquito divino y ganas","crematorio y trascendencia de la muerte","arte de India siglo XVIII","representación de lo feroz y protector"]},"salas":[],"escrita_por":"muse-spark-open-1026"}