{"id":"cma-141487","titulo":{"en":"Woman and Water Buffalo Rhyton, Gilded Silver","es":"Ritón de mujer y búfalo de agua, plata dorada"},"titulo_original":"Woman and Water Buffalo Rhyton","autor":"Unknown maker / Autor desconocido","fecha":"500–700","cultura":"Sasanian, Iran, 600s or Turk Shahi dynasty, Kabul, Afghanistan, 500s","tecnica":"silver, with mercury gilding and glass inlays","fuente":"Cleveland Museum of Art","licencia":"CC0-1.0","licencia_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","credito":"Cleveland Museum of Art, Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund","url_original":"https://clevelandart.org/art/1964.96","imagen_url":"https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1964.96/1964.96_web.jpg","ficha":{"en":{"titulo":"Woman and Water Buffalo Rhyton, Gilded Silver","se_ve":"The image shows a sculptural silver vessel viewed frontally against a neutral graduated gray background. The piece is formed by two vertically stacked heads: on top a large female human head with an oval face, broad forehead and subtly modeled brow; below a much smaller water buffalo head that serves as a spout. The woman's hair is rendered in short, ordered waves framing the forehead, where a small gold mark in the shape of a trident or diadem stands out. Her eyes are almond-shaped with heavy lids and inlaid pupils that still catch light; the nose is straight and the lips are closed in a serene expression. She wears large circular gold earrings in both ears and a collar with a rectangular clasp at the base of the neck. The silver surface shows dark patina, mottled spots and fine age cracks, with soft reflections that emphasize the modeling. The buffalo has curved, ridged horns extending sideways, open ears, a moist muzzle with a pouring hole and traces of gilding on its brow. Diffuse frontal lighting highlights metallic textures and chased details.","contexto":"According to Cleveland Museum of Art data, this is a rhyton or drinking vessel with a filling hole on top and a spout at the animal's muzzle, dated 500–700 CE and attributed to Sasanian Iran or the Turk Shahi dynasty of Kabul, Afghanistan. It is made of silver with mercury gilding and glass inlays. A Middle Persian inscription on the back records its weight, close to its present just over 700 grams. The woman's flat brow, straight nose, widely set eyes and forehead mark relate to art of the Indus River Valley and Hindu Kush. It is not known for certain whom she portrays, but scholars probably associate her with the Hindu warrior goddess Durga, slayer of the buffalo demon.","como_mirarla":"Start with the woman's calm face and move slowly down to the tiny buffalo she appears to support; notice how the uneven scale creates hierarchy. Then observe the contrast between the gold on her forehead and earrings and the darkened silver, and the small hole in the muzzle that shows this is a usable cup, not just sculpture.","dato_curioso":"Although it looks like a solid sculpture, it is a functional vessel: it was filled from the top and poured or drunk through the buffalo's muzzle, continuing the ancient tradition of Greek and Iranian rhyta.","preguntas":["How does your reading change when you realize the small head is the drinking spout?","What does the pairing of a serene human face with an animal linked to a demon suggest to you?","What clues do the gilding and patina give about use and age?"]},"es":{"titulo":"Ritón de mujer y búfalo de agua, plata dorada","se_ve":"La imagen muestra un recipiente escultórico de plata visto de frente sobre fondo gris neutro degradado. La pieza representa dos cabezas superpuestas en vertical: arriba, una cabeza humana femenina de gran escala con rostro ovalado, frente amplia y ceño levemente marcado; abajo, una cabeza de búfalo de agua mucho más pequeña que funciona como vertedero. El cabello de la mujer está trabajado en ondas cortas y ordenadas que enmarcan la frente, donde destaca una marca dorada en forma de tridente o diadema. Sus ojos son almendrados, con párpados pesados y pupilas incrustadas que aún conservan brillo; la nariz es recta y los labios cerrados en expresión serena. Lleva aretes circulares anchos y dorados en ambas orejas y un collar con broche rectangular en la base del cuello. La superficie de la plata muestra pátina oscura, manchas y finas grietas por el tiempo, con reflejos que acentúan el modelado. El búfalo presenta cuernos curvos y estriados hacia los lados, orejas abiertas, hocico húmedo con orificio de salida y restos de dorado en la frente. La luz es difusa y frontal, resalta texturas metálicas y detalles cincelados.","contexto":"Según los datos del Cleveland Museum of Art, es un ritón o vaso para beber y servir, con orificio de llenado arriba y pico vertedor en el hocico del animal, fechado entre 500 y 700 d. C. y atribuido a la cultura sasánida de Irán o a la dinastía Turk Shahi de Kabul, en Afganistán. La técnica es plata con dorado al mercurio e incrustaciones de vidrio. La inscripción en persa medio al dorso registra su peso, cercano a los 700 gramos actuales. Los rasgos de la mujer —frente plana, nariz recta, ojos separados— y la marca sectaria dorada remiten al arte del valle del Indo y del Hindu Kush. No se sabe con certeza a quién representa, pero probablemente alude a la diosa guerrera hindú Durga y al mito del demonio búfalo.","como_mirarla":"Empieza por el rostro sereno de la mujer y baja lentamente hacia el búfalo diminuto que sostiene; nota cómo la escala desigual crea jerarquía. Observa luego el brillo dorado de la frente y los aretes frente a la plata oscurecida, y el pequeño orificio en el hocico que revela que no es solo escultura sino un vaso usable.","dato_curioso":"Aunque parece una escultura sólida, es un recipiente funcional: se llenaba por arriba y se bebía o vertía por el hocico del búfalo, siguiendo la antigua tradición de los rhyta griegos e iranios.","preguntas":["¿Cómo cambia tu interpretación al saber que la cabeza pequeña es el pico para beber?","¿Qué te sugiere la convivencia de una figura humana serena y un animal asociado a un demonio?","¿Qué pistas del dorado y la pátina te hablan del uso y la antigüedad del objeto?"]}},"etiquetas":{"en":["rhyton","silver","mercury gilding","sasanian art","turk shahi","durga","water buffalo","ceremonial vessel","metalwork","hindu kush","indus valley","anthropomorphic sculpture","ancient heritage","symbolic portrait","myth"],"es":["ritón","plata","dorado al mercurio","arte sasánida","turk shahi","durga","búfalo de agua","vaso ceremonial","orferbrería","hindu kush","valle del indo","escultura antropomorfa","patrimonio antiguo","retrato simbólico","mito"]},"objetos":["cabeza femenina esculpida","cabeza de búfalo de agua","aretes circulares","marca dorada en la frente","collar con broche"],"colores":["#8A8C8E","#C0C2C3","#B8A06A","#6E6F71","#D9D9D9"],"animo":["solemne","misterioso","reverente"],"epoca":"500–700 d.C.","certeza":"media","advertencias":[],"capa":{"voces":[{"guia":"la restauradora","en":"This rhyton makes me look closely at the material itself. It is silver with mercury gilding and glass inlays for the pupils, weighing almost 700 grams according to the Middle Persian inscription on the back. I notice the dark patina, the stains and the very fine cracks left by time across the surface. I pause on the golden circular earrings, the necklace with a rectangular clasp and especially the golden trident-shaped mark on the forehead. All point to extremely fine metalwork, dated between 500 and 700 CE, between Iran and Kabul.","es":"Este ritón me obliga a mirar la materia con lupa. Es plata con dorado al mercurio y pupilas de vidrio incrustado, y pesa casi 700 gramos según la inscripción en persa medio que tiene al dorso. Veo la pátina oscura, las manchas y las finísimas grietas del tiempo sobre la superficie. Me detienen los aretes circulares dorados, el collar con broche rectangular y sobre todo la marca dorada en forma de tridente en la frente. Todo indica un trabajo de orfebrería muy fino, entre 500 y 700 d. C., entre Irán y Kabul."},{"guia":"el astrónomo aficionado","en":"When I look at it I think of vessels that both serve and tell a story of the sky on earth. This rhyton has two openings, one on top to fill and one in the buffalo's muzzle to pour, as if it connects the human and the animal. The woman with almond-shaped eyes and a serene expression wears a golden mark on her forehead that looks like a portable constellation. And below, that small water buffalo with curved horns reminds me of myths where chaos takes the shape of a beast. It is a ceremonial vessel that makes a story visible.","es":"Cuando lo veo pienso en vasos que sirven y también narran el cielo en la tierra. Este ritón tiene dos bocas, una arriba para llenar y otra en el hocico del búfalo para verter, como si conectara lo humano y lo animal. La mujer de ojos almendrados y expresión serena lleva una marca dorada en la frente que parece una constelación portátil. Y abajo ese búfalo de agua pequeño con cuernos curvos me recuerda los mitos donde el caos toma forma de bestia. Es un objeto ceremonial que hace visible una historia."},{"guia":"la niña de ocho años","en":"It looks like a giant lady with a tiny buffalo under her chin. The lady has short wavy hair, huge earrings like golden donuts and a necklace with a little square. On her forehead a shiny golden crown with three points glows. Her eyes sparkle because they have glass inside. The buffalo has little curved horns and a tiny hole in its nose where water came out. The whole cup is silver but it looks a bit stained and very old, as if it has kept many secrets.","es":"Parece una señora gigante con un búfalo chiquito debajo de la barbilla. La señora tiene el pelo corto con onditas, aretes grandotes como donas doradas y un collar con un cuadrito. En la frente brilla una coronita dorada con tres picos. Sus ojos brillan porque tienen vidrio adentro. El búfalo tiene cuernos chuequitos y un hoyito en la nariz por donde salía el agua. Toda la copa es plateada pero se ve manchadita y viejita, como si hubiera guardado muchos secretos."}],"retos":[{"pregunta":{"en":"What shape is the golden mark the woman wears on her forehead?","es":"¿Qué forma tiene la marca dorada que la mujer lleva en la frente?"},"pista":{"en":"Look at the center of the forehead, right above the wavy hair","es":"Mira el centro de la frente, justo sobre las ondas del cabello"}},{"pregunta":{"en":"Where does the liquid come out of this ceremonial vessel?","es":"¿Por dónde sale el líquido de este vaso ceremonial?"},"pista":{"en":"Find the small animal below the female face and locate its nose","es":"Busca el animal pequeño debajo del rostro femenino y ubica su nariz"}},{"pregunta":{"en":"How many golden circular earrings does the female figure wear?","es":"¿Cuántos aretes circulares dorados lleva la figura femenina?"},"pista":{"en":"Check both sides of the woman's oval face","es":"Revisa ambos lados del rostro ovalado de la mujer"}}],"conexiones":["vasos ceremoniales y ritones zoomorfos","orfebrería en plata con dorado al mercurio","diosa Durga y mito del demonio búfalo","arte sásanida y dinastía Turk Shahi de Kabul","iconografía del Hindu Kush y valle del Indo","retratos simbólicos con marcas sectarias","inscripciones de peso en persa medio"]},"salas":[],"escrita_por":"muse-spark-open-1026"}