{"id":"cma-142456","titulo":{"en":"Covered Tureen in the Form of a Turtle","es":"Sopera con tapa en forma de tortuga"},"titulo_original":"Covered Tureen in the Form of a Turtle","autor":"Unknown maker / Autor desconocido","fecha":"c. 1745–65","cultura":"France, mid 18th century","tecnica":"faience","fuente":"Cleveland Museum of Art","licencia":"CC0-1.0","licencia_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","credito":"Cleveland Museum of Art, The Norweb Collection","url_original":"https://clevelandart.org/art/1966.228","imagen_url":"https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1966.228/1966.228_web.jpg","ficha":{"en":{"titulo":"Covered Tureen in the Form of a Turtle","se_ve":"Against a gradient background shifting from dark gray to black, a ceramic tureen in the form of a turtle appears in three-quarter view, facing right. The object has two interlocking parts: a low oval base forming the body and a domed lid reproducing the shell. The shell dominates the composition, with raised polygonal scutes painted in ochre yellow and outlined with broad, fluid strokes of dark brown glaze that suggest veining and shadow. The rim of the lid is wavy and slightly flared, echoing the scalloped edge of a real carapace. The small head protrudes at the front right, finely modeled with white eyes and black pupils, stippled skin texture and a slightly open mouth. Four short clawed feet barely lift the volume from the surface, washed with brownish glazes that look like earth or reflections. On top of the shell, serving as a finial, sits a tiny snail with greenish and whitish tones and an orange-tinged spiral. The whole surface is glossy and glazed, with specular highlights and visible drips of enamel that emphasize its handmade quality and playful, naturalistic character, caught under soft studio lighting that enhances volume.","contexto":"According to source data from the Cleveland Museum of Art, this is a covered tureen made in France around 1745 to 1765, in tin-glazed earthenware known as faience. The maker is unknown and it belongs to the Norweb Collection of Decorative Art and Design. In mid-18th-century France, zoomorphic and trompe l’oeil tableware was fashionable, especially tureens shaped as animals for serving soups and stews. No specific workshop or patron is recorded for this particular piece, but its style reflects the Rococo taste for the exotic, the theatrical and nature as table decoration among aristocratic and affluent households.","como_mirarla":"First look at the shell as an abstract pattern of yellow and brown washes, then follow the edge until you find the head. Notice the contrast between the loose, painterly brushwork on the carapace and the almost tender expression of the face, and spot the tiny snail on top that doubles as the lid’s knob.","dato_curioso":"Zoomorphic faience tureens like this one were conversation pieces at 18th-century dining tables and were sometimes used to serve the flesh of the very animal they depicted, such as turtle soup, a delicacy at the time.","preguntas":["How does it feel to see a kitchen vessel so closely mimic a living animal?","How does your reading of the object change once you realize the snail on top is actually a handle?","What does this blend of naturalism and humor suggest about taste and dining rituals in the 18th century?"]},"es":{"titulo":"Sopera con tapa en forma de tortuga","se_ve":"Sobre un fondo degradado de gris oscuro a negro se recorta una sopera de cerámica con forma de tortuga vista en tres cuartos, orientada hacia la derecha. La pieza se compone de dos partes: un cuerpo ovalado bajo que forma la base y una tapa abovedada que reproduce el caparazón. El caparazón es el foco visual, con escudos poligonales en relieve pintados en amarillo ocre y delineados con trazos gruesos y fluidos de esmalte marrón oscuro, que sugieren vetas y sombras. El borde de la tapa es ondulado y ligeramente levantado, imitando el perímetro festoneado de la concha. La cabeza asoma por el frente derecho, pequeña y modelada con detalle: ojos blancos con pupila negra y párpados pintados, piel rugosa con puntos, hocico entreabierto. Las cuatro patas cortas con garras apenas sostienen el volumen, con manchas amarronadas que imitan barro o reflejos. En la parte superior de la tapa, como pomo, hay un pequeño caracol pintado en tonos verdosos y blanquecinos con espiral anaranjada. La superficie es brillante, vidriada, con brillos especulares y goteos visibles del esmalte, lo que acentúa la textura artesanal y el carácter lúdico y naturalista del objeto.","contexto":"Según los datos de la fuente del Cleveland Museum of Art, se trata de una sopera con tapa realizada en Francia hacia 1745-1765, en técnica de loza estannífera conocida como faience. Su autor es desconocido y pertenece a la colección Norweb de Artes Decorativas y Diseño. En la Francia de mediados del siglo XVIII fueron populares las piezas de vajilla zoomorfas y trompe l’oeil para servir sopas y guisos, especialmente soperas en forma de animales. No se conocen detalles específicos de taller o comitente para esta obra concreta, pero su estilo corresponde al gusto rococó por lo exótico, lo teatral y la naturaleza como ornamento en la mesa aristocrática y burguesa.","como_mirarla":"Observa primero el caparazón como si fuera una pintura abstracta de manchas amarillas y marrones, luego sigue el contorno hasta descubrir la cabeza. Detente en el contraste entre la tapa decorada con trazo suelto y la expresión casi tierna del rostro, y no pierdas el pequeño caracol que corona la pieza y revela su función de pomo.","dato_curioso":"Las soperas zoomorfas de faience como esta eran objetos de conversación en la mesa del siglo XVIII y a veces se usaban para servir la carne del propio animal representado, como la sopa de tortuga, muy apreciada entonces.","preguntas":["¿Qué efecto provoca que un utensilio de cocina imite tan fielmente a un animal vivo?","¿Cómo cambia tu percepción del objeto al notar que el caracol superior es en realidad el asa de la tapa?","¿Qué te dice esta mezcla de naturalismo y humor sobre el gusto y los rituales de la mesa en el siglo XVIII?"]}},"etiquetas":{"en":["ceramic","faience","tin-glazed earthenware","tureen","zoomorphic","turtle","rococo","18th century","decorative arts","trompe l'oeil","naturalism","humor","dining","france"],"es":["cerámica","faience","loza estannífera","sopera","zoomorfo","tortuga","rococó","siglo xviii","artes decorativas","trompe l'oeil","naturalismo","humor","mesa","francia"]},"objetos":["tortuga de cerámica","caparazón","cabeza de tortuga","patas","caracol como pomo","tapa","base de sopera"],"colores":["#D4A017","#5C3A21","#8B6D3B","#E8D5A3","#6A7B6B"],"animo":["lúdico","curioso","cálido"],"epoca":"c. 1745–65","certeza":"alta","advertencias":[],"capa":{"voces":[{"guia":"la restauradora","en":"If you look closely you will see the shine of tin-glazed earthenware, that fragile and luminous faience. I am fascinated by how the enamel dripped and formed brown veins over the ochre yellow of the shell, with those hand-painted polygonal scutes. Notice the domed lid that fits the oval body, the wavy edge and the little snail used as a knob. It is an eighteenth-century work made to surprise at the table and also to withstand use.","es":"Si te acercas verás el brillo de la loza estannífera, esa faience vidriada tan frágil y luminosa. Me fascina cómo el esmalte goteó y formó vetas marrones sobre el amarillo ocre del caparazón, con esos escudos poligonales delineados a mano. Observa la tapa abovedada que encaja con el cuerpo ovalado, el borde ondulado y el pequeño caracol que sirve como pomo. Es un trabajo del siglo XVIII hecho para sorprender en la mesa y también para resistir el uso."},{"guia":"el astrónomo aficionado","en":"This turtle reminds me of looking at constellations, each scute on the shell is like a celestial polygon outlined in dark brown on an ochre yellow ground. Imagine the snail on the lid as a small orange spiral galaxy on top of a domed planet. Facing to the right, with its head peeking out, it seems to drift slowly like a star against the dark background. It is a tiny domestic universe, bright and perfectly ordered.","es":"Esta tortuga me recuerda a mirar constelaciones, cada escudo del caparazón es como un polígono celeste delineado en marrón oscuro sobre fondo amarillo ocre. Imagina que el caracol de la tapa es una pequeña galaxia espiral anaranjada en la cima de un planeta abovedado. Orientada hacia la derecha, con su cabeza asomando, parece desplazarse lento como un astro en el fondo oscuro. Es un universo doméstico en miniatura, brillante y perfectamente ordenado."},{"guia":"la niña de ocho años","en":"It looks like a real turtle that is about to move! It has its yellow shell with brown little lines, four little legs with claws and a tiny head with white and black eyes that looks like it is smiling. The funniest part is that on top of its back it carries a little snail as a hat as if it were its friend. It is a tureen with a lid, so soup could fit inside, can you imagine serving soup from a shiny turtle?","es":"¡Parece una tortuga de verdad que se va a mover! Tiene su caparazón amarillo con rayitas cafés, cuatro patitas con garritas y una cabecita con ojitos blancos y negros que parece que está sonriendo. Lo más chistoso es que arriba de su espalda lleva un caracolito de sombrero como si fuera su amigo. Es una sopera con tapa, o sea que adentro le cabía sopa, ¿te imaginas servir sopa de una tortuga brillante?"}],"retos":[{"pregunta":{"en":"What color are the thick lines that outline the scutes of the shell?","es":"¿De qué color son los trazos gruesos que delinean los escudos del caparazón?"},"pista":{"en":"Look for the enamel that forms veins and shadows over the ochre yellow.","es":"Busca el esmalte que forma vetas y sombras sobre el amarillo ocre."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"What little animal serves as a knob on top of the lid?","es":"¿Qué animalito sirve como pomo en la parte superior de la tapa?"},"pista":{"en":"It is small, with an orange spiral and greenish tones.","es":"Es pequeño, con espiral anaranjada y tonos verdosos."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"How many modeled legs can be seen on the ceramic turtle?","es":"¿Cuántas patas modeladas se distinguen en la tortuga de cerámica?"},"pista":{"en":"They are short, with claws and brownish spots, holding the oval body.","es":"Son cortas, con garras y manchas amarronadas, sostienen el cuerpo ovalado."}}],"conexiones":["trompe l'oeil y vajilla zoomorfa","rococó francés y gusto por lo exótico","faience y cerámica vidriada","naturaleza como ornamento en la mesa","humor y teatralidad en las artes decorativas","caparazón y patrón geométrico poligonal","tortuga y caracol como símbolos de lentitud"]},"salas":["tortugas-sin-prisa"],"escrita_por":"muse-spark-open-1026"}