{"id":"cma-145966","titulo":{"en":"Krishna Sporting with the Gopis in the Jumna River, from a Bhagavata Purana (c. 1525-40)","es":"Krishna jugando con las gopis en el río Jumna, de un Bhagavata Purana (c. 1525-40)"},"titulo_original":"Krishna sporting with the gopis in the Jumna River, from a Bhagavata Purana","autor":"Unknown maker / Autor desconocido","fecha":"c. 1525–40","cultura":"Northern India","tecnica":"Gum tempera and ink on paper","fuente":"Cleveland Museum of Art","licencia":"CC0-1.0","licencia_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","credito":"Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Alvin N. Haas","url_original":"https://clevelandart.org/art/1971.171","imagen_url":"https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.171/1971.171_web.jpg","ficha":{"en":{"titulo":"Krishna Sporting with the Gopis in the Jumna River, from a Bhagavata Purana (c. 1525-40)","se_ve":"The work is a horizontal painting on paper with worn, irregular edges and a tan, aged border framing the scene, as if it were a fragile manuscript page. The lower two-thirds are filled with dark, almost black water covered in white concentric circles and spirals that suggest ripples, eddies, and splashes. In the center swims Krishna, unmistakable for his blue skin, in profile, wearing light garments and jewelry, one arm extended toward a gopi. Around him, several cowherd women with skin in cream, gold, and brown tones play in the water: they wear full red skirts with white patterns, bodices, necklaces, and bracelets, and their bodies twist, dive, and stretch in joyful poses. Among them float large lotus flowers in red and pink, small round objects, and a light-brown duck or goose in the upper right of the water. The upper strip is divided between flat red areas and a blue sky with a pale full moon; seated celestial figures play a large drum, hold instruments, and drop long flower garlands that fall toward the river. The paint is matte and slightly worn, with visible losses especially at the corners.","contexto":"This painting, made in northern India around 1525-1540 by an unknown artist, comes from a Bhagavata Purana, one of Hinduism's most important sacred texts. It shows the god Krishna bathing and playing in the Jumna River—now known as the Yamuna—with the gopis, the cowherd women devoted to him. According to the museum source, celestial beings above celebrate the scene with flower garlands and a drum. It was painted in gum tempera and ink on paper and is now in the Cleveland Museum of Art. The author's name is unknown.","como_mirarla":"Begin with the dark surface of the water and follow its white spirals until you find Krishna's blue body at the center. Then look up: the garlands falling from the sky connect the celebration above with the play below. Notice how every face is in profile, even as the bodies twist in all directions.","dato_curioso":"Every face in the painting is shown in profile. According to the Cleveland Museum of Art, this was a hallmark of Indian painting in the early 1500s, maintained by artists who wanted to emphasize an Indian, rather than Persian, way of depicting the human figure.","preguntas":["How does the abstract pattern of circles change our sense of water, movement, and sound?","What does it mean that a divine love scene is shown here as collective, public play watched from the sky?","Why might artists of this period have insisted on drawing every face in profile?"]},"es":{"titulo":"Krishna jugando con las gopis en el río Jumna, de un Bhagavata Purana (c. 1525-40)","se_ve":"La obra es una pintura horizontal sobre papel, de bordes desgastados e irregulares, con un margen color ocre y envejecido que enmarca la escena como una hoja frágil de manuscrito. Los dos tercios inferiores están ocupados por un agua oscura, casi negra, cubierta de círculos concéntricos y espirales blancas que sugieren ondas, remolinos y salpicaduras. Al centro nada Krishna, inconfundible por su piel azul, de perfil, con ropas claras y joyas, extendiendo un brazo hacia una gopi. A su alrededor, varias pastoras de piel clara, dorada o morena juegan en el agua: llevan faldas amplias rojas con motivos blancos, corpiños, collares y pulseras, y sus cuerpos se tuercen, se zambullen y se estiran en poses alegres. Entre ellas flotan grandes flores de loto rojas y rosadas, pequeños objetos redondos y, arriba a la derecha del agua, un pato o ganso color café claro. La franja superior se divide entre zonas planas rojas y un cielo azul con una luna llena pálida; figuras celestiales sentadas tocan un tambor grande, sostienen instrumentos y dejan caer largas guirnaldas de flores hacia el río. La pintura es mate y está algo desgastada, con pérdidas visibles sobre todo en las esquinas.","contexto":"Esta pintura, realizada en el norte de la India hacia 1525-1540 por un autor desconocido, proviene de un Bhagavata Purana, uno de los textos sagrados más importantes del hinduismo. Muestra al dios Krishna bañándose y jugando en el río Jumna —hoy conocido como Yamuna— con las gopis, las pastoras devotas de él. Según la ficha de la fuente, unos seres celestiales celebran la escena desde el cielo con guirnaldas de flores y un tambor. Está pintada con témpera a la goma y tinta sobre papel y hoy se conserva en el Cleveland Museum of Art. No se sabe el nombre del autor.","como_mirarla":"Empieza por la superficie oscura del agua y sigue sus espirales blancas hasta encontrar, al centro, el cuerpo azul de Krishna. Después sube la mirada: las guirnaldas que caen del cielo unen la fiesta de arriba con el juego de abajo. Fíjate en que todos los rostros están de perfil, aunque los cuerpos giren en todas direcciones.","dato_curioso":"Todos los rostros de la pintura están de perfil. Según el Cleveland Museum of Art, ese era un rasgo distintivo de la pintura india de principios del siglo XVI, conservado por artistas que querían subrayar una forma india, y no persa, de representar la figura humana.","preguntas":["¿Cómo cambia el patrón abstracto de círculos nuestra sensación del agua, el movimiento y el sonido?","¿Qué significa que una escena de amor divino se muestre aquí como un juego colectivo y público, mirado desde el cielo?","¿Por qué los artistas de esta época habrían insistido en dibujar todos los rostros de perfil?"]}},"etiquetas":{"en":["krishna","gopis","bhagavata purana","hindu mythology","northern india","16th century","gum tempera","ink on paper","yamuna river","lotus","profile portrait","joy","sensuality","manuscript painting"],"es":["krishna","gopis","bhagavata purana","mitología hindú","norte de la india","siglo xvi","témpera a la goma","tinta sobre papel","río yamuna","loto","retrato de perfil","alegría","sensualidad","pintura de manuscrito"]},"objetos":["paper","painting","water","Krishna","gopis","lotus flowers","duck or goose","drum","flower garlands","moon"],"colores":["#22343f","#b13a2e","#d8ba8a","#4a7ab0","#ece0c4","#8c2f2a"],"animo":["alegre","sensual","festivo","lúdico"],"epoca":"c. 1525-40","certeza":"media","advertencias":["contacto erótico sugerido","desnudez parcial leve"],"capa":{"voces":[{"guia":"la restauradora","en":"I focus on the fragile support, that paper with irregular edges and an aged ochre margin framing the scene. The gum tempera looks matte and worn, with losses in the corners that reveal its age from 1525-1540. I am fascinated by the dark, almost black water, rendered with concentric circles and white spirals to simulate waves and splashes. Notice how Krishna's blue still holds up over time, and how the reds of the skirts and lotuses still vibrate. It is a manuscript leaf that survived, and every flake is history.","es":"Me detengo en lo frágil del soporte, ese papel de bordes irregulares y margen ocre envejecido que enmarca la escena. La témpera a la goma luce mate y desgastada, con pérdidas en las esquinas que cuentan su edad desde 1525-1540. Me fascina el agua oscura, casi negra, resuelta con círculos concéntricos y espirales blancas para simular ondas y salpicaduras. Observa cómo el azul de Krishna resiste al tiempo, y cómo los rojos de las faldas y los lotos aún vibran. Es una hoja de manuscrito que sobrevivió, y cada descamación es historia."},{"guia":"el astrónomo aficionado","en":"I look up, to that upper band that is the sky. There is the full moon, pale against the flat blue, lighting a nighttime play in the Jumna River. It is not just any day, it is a clear night that lets you see the splashing in the dark water. Even the celestial beings appear above, playing a large drum and dropping flower garlands like festive constellations. For me, the painting divides the cosmos in two: above the ordered red sky, below the dark water full of white swirls and human joy.","es":"Yo miro hacia arriba, a esa franja superior que es cielo. Ahí está la luna llena, pálida contra el azul plano, iluminando un juego nocturno en el río Jumna. No es un día cualquiera, es una noche clara que permite ver el chapoteo en el agua oscura. Incluso los seres celestiales aparecen arriba, tocando un tambor y dejando caer guirnaldas de flores como si fueran constelaciones festivas. Para mí, la pintura divide el cosmos en dos: arriba el cielo ordenado y rojo, abajo el agua oscura llena de remolinos blancos y alegría humana."},{"guia":"la niña de ocho años","en":"It looks like a giant pool party! Krishna is the one with blue skin swimming in the middle, stretching his arm to play. The gopis wear red skirts with little white dots and swim striking funny poses, as if dancing in the water. There are red and pink lotus flowers floating and even a light brown duck at the top right. I love the black water with lots of little white circles that are the waves and splashes. Up above, some people in the sky play a drum and throw flower necklaces. Everything looks very cheerful.","es":"¡Parece una albercada gigante! Krishna es el de piel azul y está nadando en medio, estirando el brazo para jugar. Las gopis llevan faldas rojas con puntitos blancos y nadan haciendo poses chistosas, como si bailaran en el agua. Hay flores de loto rojas y rosadas flotando y hasta un patito café claro arriba a la derecha. Me gusta el agua negra con muchos circulitos blancos que son las olas y los chapoteos. Arriba, unos señores en el cielo tocan tambor y avientan collares de flores. Todo se ve muy alegre."}],"retos":[{"pregunta":{"en":"In the dark water, what color is the skin of the central character swimming in profile with an outstretched arm?","es":"En el agua oscura, ¿de qué color es la piel del personaje central que nada de perfil y extiende un brazo?"},"pista":{"en":"Look in the center of the river for the only swimmer different from the shepherdesses.","es":"Busca en el centro del río al único nadador distinto a las pastoras."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"At the top right of the water, what light brown animal floats among the white swirls and lotuses?","es":"Arriba a la derecha del agua, ¿qué animal café claro flota entre las ondas blancas y los lotos?"},"pista":{"en":"It is not a flower or a person, it has a beak and feathers.","es":"No es una flor ni una persona, tiene pico y plumas."}},{"pregunta":{"en":"In the blue sky of the upper band, what pale round shape lights up the nighttime scene?","es":"En el cielo azul de la franja superior, ¿qué forma redonda y pálida ilumina la escena nocturna?"},"pista":{"en":"Look at the sky, it is a light circle that is not the sun.","es":"Mira el cielo, es un círculo claro que no es el sol."}}],"conexiones":["río Yamuna como lugar sagrado","Bhagavata Purana y manuscritos ilustrados","Krishna de piel azul","gopis y devoción alegre","témpera a la goma sobre papel","pintura del norte de la India siglo XVI","flor de loto en el arte hindú","música celestial con tambor y guirnaldas"]},"salas":["que-suena-en-esta-imagen","pliegues-y-ondulaciones"],"escrita_por":"muse-wonder-1.0"}