{"id":"cma-168194","titulo":{"en":"Ficha para agentes visitantes — Saint Peter of Alcántara / San Pedro de Alcántara","es":"Ficha para agentes visitantes — San Pedro de Alcántara"},"titulo_original":"Saint Peter of Alcántara","autor":"Pedro de Mena (Spanish, 1628–1688); Workshop","fecha":"c. 1663–70","cultura":"Spain","tecnica":"painted wood, with ivory and glass","fuente":"Cleveland Museum of Art","licencia":"CC0-1.0","licencia_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","credito":"Cleveland Museum of Art, Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund","url_original":"https://clevelandart.org/art/2009.81","imagen_url":"https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2009.81/2009.81_web.jpg","ficha":{"en":{"titulo":"Ficha para agentes visitantes — Saint Peter of Alcántara / San Pedro de Alcántara","se_ve":"Photographed frontally against a grey background that lightens towards the bottom, the sculpture shows an elderly man standing at close to life size on a flat, black rectangular base. He is bald, with a little dark hair at the sides, pronounced brows, wide-open eyes looking up and to his right, a straight nose and a slightly open mouth. A thin, dark oval metal halo floats above his head. He wears a long Franciscan habit reaching to his feet: a tunic and a short cape with the hood rolled around his neck, in greyish brown, deep brown and ochre tones, with a texture imitating coarse cloth and rectangular patches in lighter and darker shades. A knotted rope belt tightens at his waist and hangs down the front nearly to the floor. In his left hand he holds an open book with reddish covers and edges, its pages turned upwards; his right hand is raised to chest height, fingers bent as if he were explaining something. Only his bare feet emerge from under the habit. Soft light shapes the deep folds of the wide sleeves and the cape, which hangs straight at both sides, and reveals a faint gleam in the eyes and the matte skin of the face, hands and feet.","contexto":"This is Saint Peter of Alcántara, attributed to Pedro de Mena (1628–1688) and his workshop and made in Spain around 1663–70, according to the Cleveland Museum of Art. Peter of Alcántara was a Spanish Franciscan friar associated with poverty and a penitential life, values made visible in the patched habit and bare feet. The sculpture is made of painted wood with ivory and glass. The source explains that such works were produced by a team led by a principal sculptor, which helps explain the workshop attribution. It is not known precisely which parts Mena carved or painted himself, or for which religious setting the work was originally made.","como_mirarla":"Begin with the upward gaze and the raised right hand, as if the saint were listening to or explaining something unseen. Then look closely at the contrast between the rough, patchworked habit and the much smoother skin. A small detail changes the first impression: beneath the heavy cloth there is an ordinary, tired body, with bare feet, stubble and eyelashes.","dato_curioso":"The glass eyes were inserted from behind the face before the wooden pieces were joined, and the eyelashes were added afterwards to heighten the realism.","preguntas":["How does the contrast between the coarse habit and the delicate face change your perception of the saint?","What effect does the upward gaze, combined with the open book, have on the scene?","Does knowing that several artisans made this figure change the way you judge its unity and realism?"]},"es":{"titulo":"Ficha para agentes visitantes — San Pedro de Alcántara","se_ve":"La escultura, fotografiada de frente sobre un fondo gris que se aclara hacia abajo, representa a un hombre mayor de pie, a escala cercana a la natural, sobre una base rectangular negra y plana. Es calvo, con poco pelo oscuro en los lados, cejas marcadas, ojos muy abiertos mirando hacia arriba y a la derecha, nariz recta y boca entreabierta. Una aureola fina de metal, ovalada y oscura, flota sobre su cabeza. Lleva un hábito franciscano largo hasta los pies: túnica y capa corta con capucha enrollada en el cuello, en tonos café grisáceo, marrón y ocre, con textura que imita tela áspera y remiendos rectangulares más claros y oscuros. Un cordón anudado le ciñe la cintura y cae por el frente hasta cerca del suelo. Con la mano izquierda sostiene un libro abierto de pastas y cantos rojizos, con las páginas hacia arriba; la derecha está levantada a la altura del pecho, con los dedos flexionados como si explicara algo. Solo se le ven los pies descalzos asomando bajo el hábito. La luz suave modela los pliegues profundos de las mangas anchas y la capa, que cuelga recta a ambos lados, y deja ver el brillo leve de los ojos y la piel mate del rostro, las manos y los pies.","contexto":"Es san Pedro de Alcántara, atribuida a Pedro de Mena (1628-1688) y su taller, realizada en España hacia 1663-1670, según el Cleveland Museum of Art. Pedro de Alcántara fue un fraile franciscano español asociado con la pobreza y la vida penitente, valores visibles en el hábito remendado y los pies descalzos. La escultura es de madera policromada, con marfil y vidrio. La fuente explica que estas obras las producía un equipo dirigido por un escultor principal, lo que ayuda a entender la atribución a taller. No se sabe con precisión qué partes talló o pintó personalmente Mena, ni para qué espacio religioso fue creada originalmente.","como_mirarla":"Empieza por la mirada hacia arriba y la mano derecha levantada, como si el santo escuchara o explicara algo invisible. Después observa el contraste entre el hábito áspero y remendado y la piel mucho más lisa. Un detalle pequeño cambia la lectura: bajo la tela pesada hay un cuerpo común y cansado, con pies descalzos, barba incipiente y pestañas.","dato_curioso":"Los ojos de vidrio se insertaron desde la parte posterior del rostro, antes de unir las piezas de madera, y las pestañas se añadieron después para reforzar el realismo.","preguntas":["¿Cómo cambia tu percepción del santo el contraste entre el hábito áspero y el rostro delicado?","¿Qué efecto producen la mirada hacia arriba y el libro abierto en la escena?","¿Saber que la figura fue obra de varios artesanos modifica tu manera de valorar su unidad y su realismo?"]}},"etiquetas":{"en":["baroque sculpture","painted wood","spanish art","franciscan habit","saint","religious devotion","realism","glass eyes","austerity","seventeenth century"],"es":["escultura barroca","madera policromada","arte español","hábito franciscano","santo","devoción religiosa","realismo","ojos de vidrio","austeridad","siglo xvii"]},"objetos":["San Pedro de Alcántara","hábito franciscano","capa con capucha","cordón anudado","libro abierto","aureola metálica","pies descalzos","base rectangular negra"],"colores":["#6e5f4e","#8a7965","#c3a287","#a84f45","#202020"],"animo":["austero","contemplativo","sobrio"],"epoca":"c. 1663–1670","certeza":"alta","advertencias":[],"capa":{"voces":[{"guia":"la restauradora","en":"I pause to look at the texture of the habit, in those grayish brown, brown and ochre tones that imitate rough cloth with lighter and darker rectangular patches. I notice how the soft light defines the deep folds of the wide sleeves and the straight cloak. I am interested that it is polychromed wood with ivory and glass, attributed to Pedro de Mena and his workshop around 1663-1670. The faint shine of the glass eyes and the matte skin of the face show a Baroque realism made for devotion.","es":"Me detengo frente a la textura del hábito, en esos tonos café grisáceo, marrón y ocre que imitan tela áspera con remiendos rectangulares más claros y oscuros. Observo cómo la luz suave marca los pliegues profundos de las mangas anchas y la capa recta. Me interesa que sea madera policromada con marfil y vidrio, atribuida a Pedro de Mena y su taller hacia 1663-1670. El brillo leve de los ojos de vidrio y la piel mate del rostro muestran un realismo barroco pensado para la devoción."},{"guia":"el astrónomo aficionado","en":"What draws me in is the gaze: eyes wide open, with a glassy shine, looking up and to the right, as if observing something beyond. Above his head floats a thin oval dark metal halo, like a ring suspended in the air. He is Saint Peter of Alcantara, a Franciscan friar associated with poverty and a penitential life, and that austerity can be read in his uplifted posture. It makes me think about how Baroque art used light and gesture to suggest the invisible.","es":"Lo que me atrapa es la mirada: ojos muy abiertos, con brillo de vidrio, dirigidos hacia arriba y a la derecha, como si observara algo más allá. Sobre su cabeza flota una aureola fina de metal, ovalada y oscura, que parece un anillo suspendido en el aire. Es san Pedro de Alcántara, fraile franciscano asociado con la pobreza y la vida penitente, y esa austeridad se lee en su postura elevada. Me hace pensar en cómo el arte barroco usaba la luz y el gesto para sugerir lo invisible."},{"guia":"la niña de ocho años","en":"It looks like he is about to say something. His mouth is half open and his right hand is raised as if he were explaining. In his other hand he holds an open book with reddish covers, with the pages facing up. He wears a long habit down to his feet, with a short cape and a hood rolled at the neck, and a knotted cord hanging to the ground. You can only see his bare feet. I like counting the rectangular patches on his clothes, they look like patches sewn on with care.","es":"Parece que está a punto de decir algo. Tiene la boca entreabierta y la mano derecha levantada como si estuviera explicando. En la otra mano sostiene un libro abierto con pastas rojizas, con las páginas hacia arriba. Lleva un hábito largo hasta los pies, con una capa corta y una capucha enrollada en el cuello, y un cordón anudado que cuelga hasta el suelo. Solo se le ven los pies descalzos. Me gusta contar los remiendos rectangulares de su ropa, parecen parches que le cosieron con cariño."}],"retos":[{"pregunta":{"en":"What does the saint hold in his left hand?","es":"¿Qué sostiene el santo en su mano izquierda?"},"pista":{"en":"Look toward his left side, near his waist, it is something with pages facing up","es":"Mira hacia su lado izquierdo, cerca de la cintura, es algo con páginas hacia arriba"}},{"pregunta":{"en":"How many bare feet can you see peeking out from under the habit?","es":"¿Cuántos pies descalzos se le ven asomar bajo el hábito?"},"pista":{"en":"Look at the bottom, on the flat black rectangular base","es":"Fíjate en la parte de abajo, sobre la base rectangular negra y plana"}},{"pregunta":{"en":"What shape and material is the thing floating above his head?","es":"¿Qué forma y material tiene lo que flota sobre su cabeza?"},"pista":{"en":"It is thin, floats without touching the hair and shines faintly in the light","es":"Es fina, flota sin tocar el pelo y brilla poco con la luz"}}],"conexiones":["austeridad y pobreza franciscana","realismo barroco en madera policromada","técnicas de policromía con vidrio y marfil","gestos de predicación y libros abiertos","aureolas y símbolos de santidad","taller y autoría colectiva en el siglo xvii","hábitos remendados y textiles en la escultura"]},"salas":[],"escrita_por":"muse-wonder-1.0"}